HIV is a virus that attacks the immune system, which is our
body’s natural defence against illness. The virus destroys a type of white
blood cell in the immune system called a T-helper cell, and makes copies of
itself inside these cells. T-helper cells are also referred to as CD4 cells.
As HIV destroys more CD4 cells and makes more copies of itself,
it gradually breaks down a person’s immune system. This means someone living
with HIV, who is not receiving treatment, will find it harder and harder to
fight off infections and diseases.
If HIV is left untreated, it may take up to 10 or 15 years for
the immune system to be so severely damaged it can no longer defend itself at
all. However, the speed HIV progresses will vary depending on age, health and
background.
Here Are Some Facts About HIV
- HIV
stands for human immunodeficiency virus.
- There
is effective antiretroviral
treatment available
so people with HIV can live a normal, healthy life.
- The
earlier HIV is diagnosed, the sooner treatment can start – leading to
better long term health.
- HIV is
found in semen, blood, vaginal and anal fluids, and breast milk.
- HIV
cannot be transmitted through sweat, saliva or urine.
- Using male condoms or female condoms during sex is the best way
to prevent HIV and other sexually
transmitted infections.
- If
you inject
drugs,
always use a clean needle and syringe, and never share equipment.
- If you are pregnant and living with HIV, the virus in your blood could pass into your baby’s body, or after giving birth through breastfeeding. Taking HIV treatment virtually eliminates this risk.
What is AIDS?
AIDS does not refers to virus but a set of symptoms (or syndrome) caused by
the HIV virus. A person is said to have AIDS when their immune system is too
weak to fight off infection, and they develop certain defining symptoms and
illnesses. This is the last stage of HIV, when the infection is very advanced,
and if left untreated will lead to death.
Basic facts about AIDS
- AIDS
stands for acquired immune deficiency syndrome.
- AIDS is
also referred to as advanced HIV infection or late-stage HIV.
- AIDS is
a set of symptoms and illnesses that develop as a result of advanced HIV
infection which has destroyed the immune system.
- Treatment
for HIV means that more people are staying well, with fewer people
developing AIDS.
Although there is currently no cure
for HIV with
the right treatment and support, people with HIV can live long and healthy
lives. To do this, it is especially important to take treatment correctly and
deal with any possible side-effects.
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